Inverted pot type burner



April 8, 1947.

B. HAYTER INVERTED POT TYPE BURNER Filed March 18, 1944 Jldarzzqys.

Patented Apr. 8, 1947 STATES FICE INVERTED POT TYPE BURNER Bruce Hayter,Santa Fe, N. Mex., assignor to Oil Devices, Santa Fe, N. Mex., a.limited partnership of Illinoisv '1 Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in pot type liquid fuel burners.One purpose is to provide such a burner which is particularly adaptablefor use with heated elements where the burner is advantageously locatedabove the element to be heated. Another purpose is to provide a burnerincluding an inverted burner pot. Another purpose is to provide improvedmeans for delivering a liquid fuel, for vaporization, to the interior ofa burner pot, Other purposes will appear from time to time in the courseof the specification and claims.

I illustrate the invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a vertical axial section,Figure 2 is a section on the line 22 of Figure 1, and Figure 3illustrates a modified form. Like parts are indicated by like symbolsthroughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, I generally indicates a heater housing whichmay, for example, be in the form of a vertically axised cylinder ordrum. The details of the heater proper do not of themselves form part ofthe present invention, but the novel structure herein shown may beadvantageously used, forexample, with space heaters. 2 indicates anupward extension or continuation of the cylinder I, and 3 a transversepartition having a central aperture 4, 2 and 3 defining an upper housingabove the top of the stove wall within the member I. Portion 2 has apartial top closure 5 centrally apertured as at 6, the central aperturebeing closed by any suitable manually removable closure I. The member 2may have an air inlet aperture 8 to admit the fan structure 9 actuatedby any suitable motor II] which may be removably secured to the exteriorof the member 2 as by the support I I. It will be understood that thefan 9 when rotated by the motor I increases the inflow of outside airinto the space defined by the members 2, 3, and l. v

Any suitable inverted pot structure may be inserted in the said space inorder to direct flame or the products of combustion downwardly throughthe aperture 4 into the interior of the cylinder I. I illustrate, forexample, an inverted pot I2 having a vertical axis coinciding with thecenter of the aperture 4. It may for convenience coincide with the axisor center of the drum I. The pot is shown as resting upon an associatedbase or flame ring I3 centrally apertured as at It in alignment with theaperture 4 of the horizontal partition 3. The pot I2 is shown asprovided with a single row of secondary air inlet apertures I5 which aredownwardly and inwardly tilted, as shown in Figure 1. I6 indicates aplurality of rows of primary inlet apertures located at various levelsin the circumferential side wall of the pot I2. I 1 indicates a singlerow of apertures just aove thesecondary apertures I5. These apertures IIare aligned with an air directing flange I8 which directs the air fromthe apertures I'I downwardly across the air inlets I5 along a pathclosely adjacent the inner face of the pot I2. The pot I2 is shown asprovided with the top closure portion or end 20 which is centrallyapertured as at 2I, this aperture constituting primarily an accessaperture. It is normally closed by a closure plate 22 which may belocked by the thumb screw 23 which passes through the removable lockingbar 24 pivoted to a screw 25 extending into the abutment ring 26 securedto the upper surface of the end 20 of the pot. 27 is any suitable headedlooking element which has a neck 28 fitting in a slot 29 in the side ofthe locking bar 24. It will be noted that the pot structure is of suchdimensions as to be removable upwardly through the aperture 6 when thecover plate I is removed.

In order to provide liquid fuel for vaporization in the pot, I employany suitable float chamber or metering device generally indicated as 30,the normal oil level being indicated at 3|. Oil may be supplied to thechamber 30 along any suitable inlet 33 from a source of liquid fuel notherein shown. 34 indicates any suitable controlling element herein shownas manually controlling the rate of fi'ow of the liquid fuel from thechamber 30. 35 is a liquid fuel pipe extending to a nozzle fittinggenerally indicated as 36. The nozzle 'fitting may be inserted throughthe 'side of the pot I2, as through the aperture 31. Air may be admittedto the interior of the fitting as by the upstanding air duct 38 which islocated outside of the pot I2. 39 is any suitable cleanout plug and 40is any suitable liquid fuel delivery nozzle. To receive the liquid fuelI indicate a circumferential annular vaporizing channel II apertured asat 42 to admit the end of the fitting 36. It has a central aperture 43defined by a cylindrical wall 44. It will be understood that the fuellevel control assembly 30 may be employed to maintain any desired levelof oil in the channel 4|. The supply may be reduced to a mini: mum andmay be controlled to a drop by drop volume by employment of the manualcontrol element 34.

I may find it advantageous to employ a radiating element which extendsdownwardly into the central aperture or passage 63 of the fuel channel4!. This radiating element may consist of a stainless steel screen or aceramic tube. Preferably, it extends downwardly well into or through thepassage 43. I illustrate for example, the radiating member 58 which issecured at its upper end to the bottom of the removable plate 22 andwhich extends downwardly through the aperture or passage 43.

It may be advantageous to have the entire upper structure bodilyremovable from, the stove 'i, as illustrated in Figure 3, .theonlydifference being that the upper elements 2 and 3 and theirassociated parts may be bodily lifted from the top of the drum 1.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practicaland operative device, none the less many changes may be made in size,shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spiritof my invention. I, therefore, wish my drawings and description to betaken as in a broad sense illustrative and diagrammatic, rather than aslimiting me to my specific showing- The use and operation of myinvention are as follows:

I provide a stove or heater element which has a flame admitting aperturein an upper wall, -as at 4 in Figure l. The above described inverted potburner serves to direct the heat, flame and the products of combustion,downwardly into the space surrounded by the drum 1. I have notillustrated any flue structure, but it will be understood that I mayemploy any suitable flue means in connection with the housing I. I mayrely on the natural draft to carry the flame and products of combustioninto the heated chamber, but under many circumstances, it isadvantageous to employ a fan or any other suitable means for increasingthe rate of flow of air to the burner pot. I illustrate such a fan at 9,in the side of the upper housing member 2. t will be under stood thatthe fan may be positioned at any suitable point in the upper housing.

The liquid fuel is vaporized by the heat of the combustion alreadytaking place in the pot. Combustion may be initiated, for example, bydropping a piece of waste into the trough ll and igniting it. Theprimary air for combustion is supplied through the apertures iG. Whenthe burner is running under pilot conditions, the apertures just abovethe trough 4! provide the necessary air. When the burner is burning attop capacity, all of the apertures i function as primary air inletapertures, and secondary air is provided by the apertures 15. I find itadvantageous to deliver the liquid fuel to the bottom of the trough 41by the employment of a nozzle which drips the liquid fuel from a slightelevation. This nozzle is preferably sufficiently large in insidediameter to admit a supply of primary air from the air inlet 38, At thelowest stages of combustion this may provide sufficient primary air, themixture receiving its secondary air when it is discharged to theinterior of the trough 4|.

The radiating agent may not be necessary, but is advantageous instabilizing the flame and in cooperating to produce clean combustion.The radiating igent becomes radiant and radiates heat back against thetrough Al and assists in vaporizing the liquid fuel which is deliveredto the trough M. It does this Vithout causing any deposit of carbon andobtains the radiant characteristic while the clean blue flame avoids thedeposit of free carbon.

The trough 4 I, acting as a vaporizing member or the' liquid fuel,performs the function of a pilot baffle and divides the interior of thepot into two separate burner spaces connected by the central ap rture ofthe trough. When the device is working at the pilot stage the pilot fireburns in or just below the central aperture 63. When the supply of oilis increased, the level of the fire drops, and combustion of the finalmixture takes place at or below the level of the secondary air inlets l5and the flame and the heated products of combustion flow downwardly asubstantial distance into the chamber within and below the aperture M.

It is also advantageous to direct air downwardly toward the top of thetrough M. Thus in Figure 1, I show the upper two rows of holes l6 asdownwardly tilted. Any other suitable means for directing the airdownwardly may be employed.

I claim:

1. In a liquid fuel burner, means for defining a combustion chamber,including a top wall and side walls, an inverted burner pot positionedabove said top wall said top wall having a flame aperture, the interiorof the burner pot being in direct communication with the interior of thecombustion chamber through said flame aperture, a vaporizing member inthe burner pot. and means for delivering a liquid fuel thereto, said potincluding a normally closed top wall, and a circumferential side wallhaving a pinrality of air inlet apertures spaced circumferentiallythereabout, and located at various distances from the ends of the pot.

2, In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a nornia ly closed top wall, andan open bottom, said circumferential side wall having a plurality ofprimary air inlets spaced circumferentially thereabout, and located atvarious distances from the ends of the pot, an upwardly concavevaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highest andlowest primary air inlet in said side wall, means for controllablydeliverin to said vaporizing element a supply of liquid fuel forvaporization therein, and means for delivering secondary air to themixture of primary air and vaporized fuel flowing downwardly through theopen bottom of the pot.

3. In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a normally closed top wall, andan open bottom, said circumferential side wall having a plurality ofprimary air inlets spaced circumferentially thereabout, and located atvarious distances from the ends or the pot, an upwardly concavevaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highest andlowest primary air inlets in said side wall, means for controllablydelivering to said vaporizing element a supply of liquid fuel forvaporization therein, and means for delivering secondary air to themixture of primary air and vaporized fuel flowing downwardly through theopen bottom of the pot, said vaporizing element being in the form of aconcave ring having a entral aperture generally concentric with saidside wall.

4. In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a normally closed top wall, andan open bottom, said circumferential side wall having a plurality ofprimary air inlets spaced circumferentially thereabout, and located atvarious distances from the ends of the pot, an upwardly concavevaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highest andlowest primary air lnlets in said side wall, means for controllablydelivering to said vaporizing element a supply of liquid fuel forvaporization therein, means for delivering secondary air to the mixtureof primary air and vaporized fuel flowing downwardly through the openbottom of the pot, said vaporizing element being in the form of aconcave ring having a central aperture generally concentric with saidside wall, and a radiating member arranged generally concentrically withsaid side wall, extending through the central aperture of said concavering.

5. In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a normally closed top Wall, andan open bottom, said circumferential side wall having a plurality ofprimary air inlets spaced circumferentially thereabout, and located atvarious distances from the ends of the pot, an upwardly concavevaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highest andlowest primary air inlets in said side wall, means for controllablydelivering to said vaporizing element a supply of liquid fuel forvaporization therein, means for delivering secondary air to the mixtureof primary air and vaporized fuel flowing downwardly through the openbottom of the pot, said normally closed top wall haying an axialaperture, and a removable closure for said aperture.

6. In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a normally closed top wall, andan open bottom said top wall having a central opening, a removableclosure for said opening, said circumferential side wall having aplurality of primary air inlets spaced circumferentially thereabout, andlocated at various distances from the ends of the pot, an upwardlyconcave vaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highestand lowest primary air inlets in said side wall, means for controllablydelivering to said vaporizing element a supply of liquid fuel forvaporization therein, means for delivering secondary air to the mixtureof primary air and vaporized fuel flowing downwardly through the openbottom of the pot, said vaporizing element being in the form of aconcave ring having a central aperture generally concentric with saidside wall, and a radiating member arranged generally concentrically withsaid side wall, and extending through the central aperture of saidconcave ring, said radiating member being mounted on and removable withsaid removable closure for the central opening of said top wall.

7. In a pot type liquid fuel burner, a pot having a generallycylindrical circumferential side wall, a normally closed top wall, andan open bottom, said circumferential side wall having a plurality ofprimary air inlets spaced circumferentially thcreabout, and located atvarious distances from the ends of the pot, an upwardly concavevaporizing element located in said pot, intermediate the highest andlowest primary air inlets in said side wall, means for controllablydelivering to said vaporizing element a supply of REFERENCES crrnn Thefollowing references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 593,801 Hall Nov. 16, 18971,763,779 Harvey June 17, 1930 1,761,537 Ravenor June 3, 1930 394,245Carnes Dec. 11, 1888 1,455,186 Becker May 16, 1923 1,476,136 Becker Dec.4, 1923 2,240,861 Sabins May 6, 1941 2,193,085 Beetsche-n Mar. 12, 19402,246,809 Miller June 24, 1941 2,289,533 'Trca July 14, 1942 2,226,216Breese Dec. 24, 1940 2,348,721 Breese et a1 May 16, 1944 2,284,037Braida May 26, 1942 1,553,661 Becker Sept. 15, 1925 2,017,238 FinleyOct. 15, 1935 2,385,419 Huston Aug. 14, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS NumberCountry Date 601,260 French Nov. 26, 1925 674,829 French Oct. 28, 192931,361 French Oct. 29, 1926

